Despite this marriage, Antony carried on a love affair with Cleopatra, who bore him three children, further straining Antony's relations with Octavian. Civil war between Antony and Octavian was averted in 40 BC, when Antony married Octavian's sister, Octavia. Relations among the triumvirs were strained as the various members sought greater political power. Antony was assigned Rome's eastern provinces, including the client kingdom of Egypt, then ruled by Cleopatra VII Philopator, and was given the command in Rome's war against Parthia. The Triumvirs defeated Caesar's killers, the Liberatores, at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC, and divided the government of the Republic between themselves. After Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, Antony joined forces with Lepidus, another of Caesar's generals, and Octavian, Caesar's great-nephew and adopted son, forming a three-man dictatorship known to historians as the Second Triumvirate. Antony was appointed administrator of Italy while Caesar eliminated political opponents in Greece, North Africa, and Spain. Marcus Antonius (14 January 83 BC – 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.Īntony was a relative and supporter of Julius Caesar, and served as one of his generals during the conquest of Gaul and the Civil War.
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